Working as a PMU Artist in Germany: Legal Compliance, Hygiene, and Professional Qualifications

What It Really Takes to Work Legally and Professionally — and Why a Gewerbeschein or a Certificate Alone Is Not Enough

Permanent makeup in Germany operates at the intersection of the beauty industry, business law, public health regulations, and chemical safety legislation. For this reason, starting a professional practice requires far more than obtaining a diploma, renting a treatment room, and creating a social media profile.

Germany does not have a single federal license titled "PMU Artist," nor is there a universal certificate that automatically authorizes a practitioner to work throughout the country. Legal compliance is built on several essential components: the legal right to work or operate as a self-employed professional, business registration, tax registration, compliance with the hygiene requirements of the relevant federal state, pigment safety, proper documentation, and the protection of clients' personal data.

This article was prepared by Beauty Akademy Dresden GmbH exclusively for PULSE PMU Magazine. Its purpose is to explain the practical components of legal and professional PMU practice in Germany and to demonstrate why hygiene, proper documentation, and verified professional qualifications are now just as important as the quality of the procedure itself.

Germany's regulatory system often appears complex, particularly to professionals planning to relocate or establish a studio after working in another country. However, most of these requirements are designed not to create unnecessary bureaucracy, but to ensure client safety, business transparency, and a high level of trust in the profession. Understanding these principles enables PMU artists to confidently enter the German market and build their practice in full compliance with applicable laws and regulations.

Germany's legal framework and regulations for professional practice.

Beauty Akademy Dresden GmbH: German Foundation, International Perspective

Beauty Akademy Dresden GmbH is a German educational company headquartered in Dresden, with more than seven years of experience in the professional education market. Built on a solid German legal and organizational foundation, the academy has been developed from the very beginning as an international, multilingual platform. Its educational programs and professional support are available to specialists from different countries, including in both German and Russian.

The professional development pathway at BWA follows a structured progression: online education and advanced practical training; assessment and verification of existing qualifications; internal accreditation of experienced professionals as trainers; and finally, partnership development through the Beauty Akademy Ambassador program. While these stages do not replace decisions made by government authorities, they help practitioners systematically build a well-documented and professionally verifiable foundation for their careers.

A Profession Without a Single Government License

Permanent makeup is not classified as a medical profession in Germany simply because the procedure involves penetrating the skin. A PMU artist does not become a physician or healthcare professional and does not receive a medical facility license.

At the same time, the procedure involves needle penetration of the skin, contact with blood and other bodily fluids, and the implantation of pigment into the skin. For this reason, government oversight focuses primarily on infection prevention, the safety of materials used, and the protection of clients.

This fundamentally distinguishes the German regulatory system from models in which the right to practice is established by a single professional diploma. In Germany, a private training certificate may demonstrate a practitioner's professional education, but it does not, by itself, replace business registration, sanitary compliance, or the requirements imposed by local authorities.

Regulations are also not identical throughout the country. While business and tax registration are governed primarily at the federal level, specific hygiene requirements are established by the legislation of each federal state and by the practices of the local Gesundheitsamt (Public Health Office). As a result, a practitioner working in Dresden must comply not only with nationwide regulations but also with the laws of Saxony. In Berlin, Hesse, North Rhine-Westphalia, Bavaria, and other federal states, both the applicable procedures and regulatory requirements may differ.

The Right to Work and Engage in Self-Employment

For citizens of Germany, the European Union, the European Economic Area, and Switzerland, access to self-employment is generally much more straightforward. Nationals of third countries must first ensure that their immigration status permits the specific type of work they intend to undertake.

Authorization to work as an employee does not necessarily grant the right to open a private studio. The notation "Erwerbstätigkeit gestattet" generally covers both employment and self-employment; however, the decisive factors are the specific wording and any additional conditions stated in the Aufenthaltstitel (residence permit). If there is any uncertainty, written confirmation should be obtained from the Ausländerbehörde (Foreigners' Registration Office) before starting a business.

In other words, legal compliance begins not with obtaining a diploma or renting a treatment room, but with confirming that the individual is legally entitled to operate a business in Germany.

Business Registration

Self-employed permanent makeup practice is generally classified in Germany as a commercial activity (Gewerbe). Starting such a business must be reported to the competent Gewerbeamt (Trade Office). The obligation to notify the authorities of the commencement of a commercial activity is established under Section 14 of the German Trade Regulation Act (Gewerbeordnung).

During registration, the business owner's details, business address, and an accurate description of the activities must be provided. The description should reflect the actual scope of practice, for example: cosmetic services, permanent makeup, micropigmentation, and related services.

The registration certificate (Gewerbeanmeldung or Gewerbeschein) is not a professional license and does not confirm that the premises already comply with hygiene requirements. Its primary purpose is to certify that the entrepreneur has officially notified the authorities of the commencement of business activities.

In practice, registration information is forwarded to other government authorities. However, practitioners should not assume that all subsequent administrative procedures will occur automatically. Depending on the classification of the business, interaction may also be required with the Finanzamt (Tax Office), the Handwerkskammer (Chamber of Crafts), the Industrie- und Handelskammer (Chamber of Industry and Commerce), the Berufsgenossenschaft (Statutory Accident Insurance Association), and the local Gesundheitsamt.

Cosmetic services may fall within the category of zulassungsfreies Handwerk—a trade that does not require a Meisterbrief (Master Craftsman qualification). This generally means that a Master Craftsman certificate is not mandatory. However, whether the business must be entered into the relevant register and whether chamber membership is required should always be clarified with the local Handwerkskammer. The German Crafts Code (Handwerksordnung) distinguishes between licensed trades, license-free trades, and trade-like occupations.

Tax Registration: A Separate Step

Completing a Gewerbeanmeldung does not replace tax registration. After commencing business activities, the entrepreneur must submit the Fragebogen zur steuerlichen Erfassung (Tax Registration Questionnaire) electronically to the Finanzamt (Tax Office) through the ELSTER system. A separate form is available for sole proprietors starting a commercial business or self-employed activity.

According to the official ELSTER guidelines, the questionnaire must be submitted on the entrepreneur's own initiative within one month of commencing business activities. Once the application has been reviewed, the Finanzamt assigns the business a Steuernummer (tax number).

During tax registration, the entrepreneur must declare the expected annual turnover, the method of determining taxable profit, and the applicable VAT (Umsatzsteuer) regime. Even businesses operating under the Kleinunternehmer (small business) scheme remain responsible for maintaining accurate financial records, issuing compliant invoices, and fulfilling their tax reporting obligations.

Gesundheitsamt and Regional Hygiene Regulations

One of the most important stages of establishing a PMU practice is working with the local Gesundheitsamt (Public Health Office). This is where Germany's federal system becomes particularly significant: regulations governing procedures that involve skin penetration are established by each federal state and may differ from one region to another.

Some federal states require practitioners to notify the authorities before commencing business, submit a Hygieneplan (Hygiene Plan), demonstrate knowledge of infection prevention, or fulfill other administrative requirements. In other regions, the regulatory process may follow a different procedure. For this reason, before signing a long-term lease, practitioners should contact the Gesundheitsamt responsible for the location of their future studio and request a written list of applicable requirements.

In Dresden, these activities are regulated by the Sächsische Hygiene-Verordnung (SächsHygVO), the Saxon Hygiene Regulation. It applies to services involving skin penetration and provides the legal framework for public health supervision of such activities.

In Saxony, practitioners are expected to demonstrate appropriate knowledge of anatomy, disinfection, sterilization, aseptic techniques, occupational health and safety, and the safe use of professional equipment. This knowledge may be documented through educational credentials, training curricula, and certificates issued upon completion of relevant professional courses.

In this context, the term Sachkundenachweis refers to documented proof of the required professional knowledge rather than a single standardized government-issued diploma. A private educational institution may issue an appropriate certificate; however, the final determination of whether the submitted documentation is sufficient rests with the competent authority, taking local regulatory requirements into account.

For this reason, claims that completing a single training course alone will "legalize" a practitioner's work in Germany should be viewed with caution. No private certificate can replace the full range of business, tax, and public health compliance requirements.

Hygieneplan as the Studio's Operational Hygiene System

A written Hygieneplan is one of the core documents of a PMU studio. It should accurately reflect the studio's actual operating procedures rather than exist as a generic template that does not correspond to the premises, equipment, or daily workflow.

A Hygieneplan typically covers:

• hand hygiene and the use of gloves;

• client skin preparation;

• preparation of the treatment area;

• cleaning and disinfection of work surfaces;

• handling of single-use materials;

• separation of clean and contaminated areas;

• procedures for exposure to blood;

• disposal of needles and other sharps;

• cleaning, packaging, and sterilization of reusable instruments;

• disinfectants used, including their concentrations and required contact times;

• cleaning procedures for the premises;

• actions to be taken in the event of an employee injury or potential exposure to infection;

• staff training and monitoring of compliance with established procedures.

A Hygieneplan must be tailored to the specific studio and updated whenever there are changes to the premises, equipment, products, or work processes.

In Saxony, Section 3(6) of the SächsHygVO requires the Hygieneplan to be readily available to employees and reviewed at least once a year. Staff must also receive documented training on its contents at least annually. In addition, the plan must be revised whenever changes are made to the premises, equipment, materials, or operational procedures.

It is important to distinguish between updating the document and maintaining day-to-day hygiene compliance. While the Hygieneplan itself may be reviewed periodically, its procedures must be followed during every single treatment.

The Premises Must Be Suitable for Procedures Involving Skin Penetration

Simply renting a treatment room in a beauty salon does not automatically mean it is legally suitable for permanent makeup procedures. Before beginning operations, practitioners should verify the permitted use of the premises, review the terms of the lease agreement, and ensure that the treatment room meets applicable hygiene requirements.

The Gesundheitsamt may assess:

• the availability of hygienic handwashing facilities;

• access to both hot and cold running water;

• soap and hand disinfectant dispensers;

• the use of disposable towels;

• washable, disinfectant-resistant surfaces;

• separation of treatment, clean, and contaminated areas;

• appropriate storage conditions for sterile materials;

• protection of consumables from dust and contamination;

• the safety of waiting areas and sanitary facilities;

• cleaning procedures;

• the availability of suitable sharps containers;

• waste management procedures.

If the premises were previously used as a residential apartment, office, or standard commercial space, a Nutzungsänderung (change of permitted use) may be required. This matter falls under the authority of the local building or municipal authorities rather than the Gesundheitsamt. When operating a home-based studio, practitioners should also verify the terms of their lease agreement, obtain the property owner's consent where required, comply with building regulations, and confirm that commercial use of the premises is permitted.

Single-Use and Reusable Instruments

Modern PMU practice is largely based on sterile single-use cartridges and disposable supplies. This significantly reduces the need for instrument sterilization but does not eliminate the responsibility to verify package integrity, expiration dates, storage conditions, and cartridge compatibility with the device.

Reusable instruments that may come into contact with damaged skin or biological materials require a validated reprocessing procedure. Simply immersing instruments in a disinfectant solution may not be sufficient.

In Saxony, the commissioning of a sterilizer must be reported to the Gesundheitsamt. Its effectiveness must be validated before initial use, after repairs, and every six months thereafter. Every sterilization cycle must be documented, and the records required under Section 5 of the SächsHygVO must be retained for 30 years.

When a studio uses an autoclave, it should maintain:

• the manufacturer's operating instructions;

• equipment documentation;

• maintenance records;

• validation of the sterilization process;

• cycle logs or electronic cycle records;

• results of mandatory performance testing;

• records identifying the instruments that were sterilized;

• the date of each cycle and the identity of the responsible staff member.

If all critical instruments are single-use, an autoclave may not be necessary. However, the practitioner must be able to demonstrate that all contaminated disposable items are discarded after every procedure and that any reusable components of the equipment do not present a risk of cross-contamination.

Procedure Documentation and Traceability

Comprehensive recordkeeping is one of the most practical features of the German regulatory approach. Documenting procedures and pigment batch numbers ensures full traceability. However, maintaining a separate record for every individual needle used should not automatically be regarded as a uniform federal requirement.

Client records should contain sufficient information to reconstruct the circumstances of a procedure, even years later. A client file should ideally include:

• the date and type of the procedure;

• the treatment area;

• the name of the practitioner;

• the device used and needle configuration;

• the pigment manufacturer, product name, and shade;

• the pigment batch number;

• the pigment expiration date;

• information about the cartridge or needle used;

• the preparation and aftercare products applied;

• any individual reactions observed;

• post-procedure instructions provided to the client;

• the date of any touch-up procedure;

• before-and-after photographs, where client consent has been obtained.

Such traceability is particularly important in the event of an allergic reaction, a product recall, an infection investigation, or a client complaint.

Pigment Safety: REACH Requirements

A pigment should not be considered compliant simply because it is marketed as a professional product or bears a CE marking. For tattoo and permanent makeup pigments, compliance with REACH restrictions, German legislation, and proper labeling are the determining factors. A CE mark is not a universal safety certification or a government approval for PMU pigments.

Since January 2022, REACH restrictions have applied throughout the European Union to substances used in tattoo and permanent makeup mixtures. These restrictions were introduced by Commission Regulation (EU) 2020/2081, which amended Annex XVII of the REACH Regulation. The legislation limits the concentration of substances classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic, toxic to reproduction, irritants, sensitizers, and other hazardous chemicals.

REACH compliance does not mean that a product has received a universal "EU certificate." Instead, it means that the product complies with the applicable requirements regarding composition, labeling, and the information that must be provided.

The product packaging or accompanying documentation must include the required information, including the identification of the mixture, the batch number, the list of ingredients, and all mandatory warnings. Practitioners should purchase pigments only from reputable suppliers and retain invoices, photographs of product labels, batch numbers, and any available technical documentation.

Particular caution should be exercised when purchasing products imported from countries outside the European Union. The fact that a pigment is approved for sale in the United States, Asia, or another country does not demonstrate compliance with REACH restrictions.

It is also important to state clearly that Germany does not have a system of prior government certification for every PMU pigment. Responsibility for product compliance rests with the manufacturer or importer, while the practitioner is responsible for selecting reliable suppliers, verifying product labeling, and maintaining traceability of every pigment batch used.

Equipment and Consumables

Documentation for professional equipment involves much more than a CE marking alone. Practitioners should retain operating instructions, purchase invoices, manufacturer or importer information, cleaning instructions, as well as warranty and service documentation.

For cartridges, the following should be verified:

• the integrity of the sterile packaging;

• the sterilization marking;

• the expiration date;

• the batch number;

• the manufacturer or responsible supplier;

• confirmation that the product is intended for single use;

• the presence of a backflow prevention membrane, where required by the cartridge design.

After a procedure, needles and cartridges must not be discarded in an ordinary open waste bin. They should be placed immediately into a puncture-resistant, closable sharps container. Final disposal must be carried out in accordance with the applicable local waste management regulations.

Client Information and Informed Consent

A document signed by the client does not release the practitioner from professional responsibility or transfer liability for inadequate work to the client. Its purpose is to confirm that the client received clear and understandable information and voluntarily agreed to undergo the procedure.

Before the procedure begins, the client should be informed about:

• the nature of the procedure;

• the expected outcome;

• the impossibility of guaranteeing the exact healed color;

• the potential need for a touch-up procedure;

• possible pain, swelling, redness, and scab formation;

• the risk of allergic or inflammatory reactions;

• the possibility of pigment color changes over time;

• the risk of scarring;

• the limitations of the procedure;

• post-treatment care instructions;

• the available options for removal or correction.

Professional documentation typically separates the medical history questionnaire, risk disclosure, informed consent for the procedure, consent to the processing of personal data, and consent to the publication of photographs. Combining all of these into a single signature is generally not recommended, particularly when photographs may be used for marketing purposes.

Working with minors introduces additional legal considerations, including parental or legal guardian consent, the client's legal capacity, and an increased risk of disputes. The mere presence of a parent does not necessarily mean that every procedure is automatically legally permissible or protected.

A Medical Questionnaire Does Not Make the Practitioner a Physician

Before performing a procedure, a PMU practitioner may ask questions relevant to client safety, such as a history of bleeding disorders, the use of certain medications, allergies, active skin conditions, impaired wound healing, pregnancy, and other relevant circumstances.

However, a PMU practitioner should not diagnose medical conditions, discontinue treatment prescribed by a physician, or promise medical outcomes. Whenever there is uncertainty, the procedure should be postponed and the client should be advised to consult a physician.

Particular caution is required in the field of medical and paramedical micropigmentation. Scar camouflage, areola restoration, and procedures addressing the effects of disease may still be considered aesthetic services. However, making medical claims, treating diseases, performing procedures on pathological tissue, or working without the necessary medical authorization may place the activity beyond the scope of conventional permanent makeup practice.

Protection of Personal and Health Data

Client questionnaires, photographs, and health-related information constitute personal data, while medical information belongs to a specially protected category of personal data.

A studio should clearly define:

• what data are collected;

• the purpose for collecting them;

• the legal basis for processing;

• how long the data will be retained;

• who has access to the data;

• how the data are protected;

• how clients can exercise their legal rights.

The legal basis for processing must be determined separately for each specific purpose. Consent is not required in every situation. However, where a studio relies on consent—for example, to publish client photographs for promotional purposes—it must be specific, demonstrable, freely given, and capable of being withdrawn. Health-related information is classified as a special category of personal data under Article 9 of the GDPR (DSGVO).

Publishing a client's photograph on Instagram, a website, or in educational materials constitutes a separate processing activity. Consent to undergo the procedure does not automatically include consent to publish the client's image. Clients must be free to decline promotional use of their photographs without being denied the service itself.

If the studio operates a website, it must also provide a legally compliant Impressum (Legal Notice) and Datenschutzerklärung (Privacy Policy). In addition, the use of analytics tools, cookies, online booking systems, and third-party services must comply with applicable data protection requirements.

Insurance and Professional Liability

Professional liability insurance (Berufshaftpflicht or Betriebshaftpflicht) is not always a general legal prerequisite for registering a permanent makeup business. Nevertheless, operating without appropriate insurance creates a substantial financial risk.

The insurance policy should explicitly cover permanent makeup procedures, skin penetration, potential allergic reactions, infections, property damage, and client claims. A standard beauty therapist's liability policy may exclude invasive procedures unless they have been specifically disclosed to and accepted by the insurer.

When renting a chair or treatment room within an existing salon, practitioners should verify separately whether the salon owner's insurance extends to independent professionals. In most cases, self-employed practitioners are required to obtain their own insurance policy.

Berufsgenossenschaft and Occupational Safety

Businesses operating in the beauty industry may fall under the jurisdiction of the Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW), the German Social Accident Insurance Institution for the Health and Welfare Services. After registering a business, practitioners should determine whether registration with the BGW is mandatory and obtain the appropriate registration number where required.

Once the business has been registered, the owner should also verify whether registration with the BGW is necessary. If the business employs staff, the employer must additionally carry out a Gefährdungsbeurteilung (risk assessment), provide occupational safety training, organize first aid measures, and implement other workplace safety requirements. The scope of insurance coverage for the business owner personally should be clarified separately.

What the Gesundheitsamt May Inspect

An inspection is not limited to checking whether an attractive certificate is displayed on the wall. The competent authority evaluates how the studio actually operates in practice.

Particular attention may be given to:

• the Hygieneplan;

• documentation of hygiene training;

• the condition of the premises;

• handwashing facilities and hand hygiene;

• work surfaces;

• separation of clean and contaminated areas;

• disinfectants used;

• compliance with the required concentrations and contact times;

• storage of sterile cartridges;

• the use of disposable protective barriers;

• cleaning and maintenance of devices and cables;

• sharps containers;

• waste management procedures;

• sterilization equipment;

• sterilization records;

• pigments and their labeling;

• pigment batch numbers;

• staff training;

• whether actual practice corresponds to the written procedures.

The fundamental principle of German regulatory inspections is not the number of folders kept in the office, but whether the entire system can be demonstrated and verified. Documentation must accurately reflect what actually takes place in the treatment room. For example, if the Hygieneplan specifies the use of a particular disinfectant, that exact product should be available at the workstation and used at the correct concentration and for the required contact time.

Why a Diploma Alone Is Not Enough

Professional education remains an essential part of becoming a competent PMU practitioner. Without a thorough understanding of skin anatomy, color theory, pigment implantation techniques, and potential complications, safe practice is impossible.

From a legal perspective, however, it is important to distinguish between:

• a diploma confirming completion of professional training;

• a certificate issued for an individual course;

• documentation confirming hygiene-related knowledge;

• internal accreditation granted by an educational institution;

• a state-recognized professional qualification;

• authorization to conduct business.

These documents are not interchangeable.

A private academy may provide high-quality education, prepare practitioners for inspections, and assist in developing a Hygieneplan. However, it cannot replace the Ausländerbehörde, Gewerbeamt, Finanzamt, Gesundheitsamt, or Handwerkskammer, nor can a single certificate guarantee the legal right to practice throughout Germany.

From Professional Qualification to Trainer Accreditation

At BWA, qualification verification is viewed as a professional assessment of a practitioner's credentials, educational background, practical experience, and portfolio. It helps organize and demonstrate professional competence, but it is not a medical license, a Meisterbrief, or an automatic government authorization to engage in any professional activity.

Professional qualification and training verification for a PMU specialist.

The next stage is the internal Beauty Trainer accreditation, designed for experienced practitioners who are ready to demonstrate their practical expertise and present their own educational program. Being an outstanding practitioner does not automatically make someone an effective educator. A professional trainer must possess sound teaching methodology, clear evaluation criteria, the ability to provide constructive feedback, and a strong sense of responsibility for the knowledge and skills of their students.

Beauty Trainer Excellence certificate by Beauty Akademy Dresden.

Olga Vizel: A Professional Career That Demonstrates the Process in Practice

One of BWA's outstanding representatives is PMU trainer and Beauty Akademy Ambassador Olga Vizel. According to the academy, she has more than eight years of professional experience, has performed over 5,000 procedures, trained more than 150 students, served as a judge at international PMU championships, and was recognized as WULOP Trainer of the Year 2023. Her students won WULOP Germany championships in both 2022 and 2024. Her professional journey combines foundational education, advanced theoretical knowledge, the development of teaching competencies, and personal brand building—a progression that BWA considers the foundation of long-term professional success.

Legal Compliance as an Ongoing Process

Business documentation and regulatory notifications should be reviewed and updated whenever a practitioner relocates, opens a new treatment room, hires staff, changes equipment or disinfectants, expands the range of services offered, begins teaching, or introduces device-based procedures.

Each new area of practice may create additional registration, insurance, or qualification requirements. For example, being authorized to perform permanent makeup does not automatically authorize a practitioner to perform laser tattoo or pigment removal. Device-based procedures may be subject to separate regulations and different qualification requirements.

Conclusion: Working as a PMU Artist in Germany

Establishing a legal permanent makeup practice in Germany is not achieved by obtaining a single certificate or completing one training course. It is a comprehensive system that combines professional education, business law, public health regulations, the safety of materials used, and a practitioner's ongoing responsibility toward every client.

For this reason, Beauty Akademy Dresden GmbH places special emphasis not only on teaching permanent makeup techniques but also on preparing professionals to work legally in Germany. The academy helps practitioners understand the German regulatory framework, the principles of public health compliance, the documentation required for professional practice, and the legal requirements that every PMU artist planning to work in Germany should be familiar with.

An important part of the academy's mission is the development of an international professional community. Beauty Akademy Dresden GmbH served as the official sponsor of WULOP Germany PMU Excellence Live 2025, the German stage of the World Universal League of Permanent Makeup—an international organization that brings together championships, educational events, and PMU professionals from around the world.

For the most experienced and accomplished professionals, the academy also offers the Beauty Akademy Ambassador program. Following an individual selection process, practitioners have the opportunity to become official ambassadors of the academy, represent it in their own countries and regions, participate in educational initiatives and international events, and contribute to the advancement of modern standards in professional education. Through this approach, Beauty Akademy Dresden GmbH continues to build a strong international community of professionals united by shared principles of quality, safety, and professional ethics.

"For us, professional credibility does not begin with an impressive title on a social media profile. It begins with what a practitioner can actually demonstrate: where they trained, how they maintain hygiene standards, how they document every procedure, and who takes responsibility for the outcome. That is the professional culture we are committed to building at Beauty Akademy Dresden," said Victoria Werner, Marketing Director, Beauty Akademy Dresden GmbH.

Editorial Note: This article was provided by Victoria Werner, Marketing Director of Beauty Akademy Dresden GmbH, and is published in PULSE PMU Magazine in its original author-approved form. The content is intended solely for informational purposes and does not constitute legal advice, an official legal opinion, professional guidance, or an individual recommendation. Laws, licensing requirements, and administrative procedures may change over time and may vary depending on the federal state, municipality, and the specific location where business activities are carried out. Before making any decisions, readers are strongly encouraged to verify current requirements through official government sources or seek advice from qualified legal or professional advisors. The editorial team of PULSE PMU has not conducted an independent legal review of this material and assumes no responsibility for its content, accuracy, completeness, subsequent legislative changes, or for any decisions, actions, or consequences arising from the use of the information contained in this publication.

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Publication date: August 04, 2026

By Victoria Werner, Marketing Director, Beauty Akademy Dresden GmbH